5G EDUCATORS

 What is Router A router is a networking device that connects multiple devices and networks together, and it manages the flow of data between multiple devices and networks. Routers are commonly used in homes, businesses, and other organizations to create and manage computer networks. A router operates by directing traffic between devices on the network. When a device on the network sends data to another device, the router receives the data and determines the most efficient path to send it to its intended destination. The router then forwards the data packet to the appropriate device or network. Routers come in different sizes and configurations, ranging from small home routers to large enterprise-class routers that can handle massive amounts of data traffic. Some routers are designed for specific purposes, such as providing wireless connectivity or connecting multiple locations together in a wide area network (WAN). Advantages of Router: Following are some advantages of using routers.

 Mesh Topology A mesh topology is a type of network architecture where devices are interconnected with each other in a way that forms a web-like structure. In a mesh topology, every device is connected to every other device in the network, which means that there are multiple paths for data to travel from one device to another. This redundancy in connections provides a high degree of reliability and fault tolerance, as data can be rerouted in case of a link failure. Mesh topologies can be implemented in two ways: full mesh and partial mesh .   In a full mesh topology, every device is directly connected to every other device in the network.  In a partial mesh topology, only some devices are directly connected to every other device, while others are connected to only a few. Partial mesh topologies are more common due to their lower cost and complexity, while full mesh topologies are typically used in critical applications that require maximum reliability and fault tolerance. Working of M

 Ring Topology Ring topology is a type of computer network topology in which the devices are connected in a closed loop or ring. In a ring topology, each device is connected to exactly two other devices, one on either side, forming a circular configuration. In this way all devices are connected to each other to transfer data from one computer to other. Data is transmitted in one direction around the ring, with each device receiving and transmitting data to the next device in the ring. This type of topology is commonly used in local area networks (LANs) and can be implemented using either wired or wireless connections. Working of Ring Topology: In a ring topology, all devices are connected in a closed circle, loop or ring, with each device connected to exactly two other devices, one on either side. When a device in the ring wants to transmit data, it waits for a token or a special type of message that is passed around the ring. When a device receives the token, it is allowed to transmit

 Star Topology Star topology is a way of connecting computers or other devices in a network. In this setup, all the devices are connected to a central hub or switch. Think of it like the spokes of a wheel that all connect to the center. When one device sends data to another, it sends it through the hub. The hub then sends the data to the destination device. This makes it easy to add new devices to the network, and it also means that if one device fails, it doesn't affect the rest of the network. How Star Topology Works: In a star topology, all devices in the network are connected to a central switch or hub. The hub enables communication between devices by transmitting data from the sender device to the receiver device. When one device in the network wants to communicate with another device, it sends a message to the hub. The message travels through the network to the hub, which then sends the message to the destination device. This means that all communication between devices goes

Bus Topology Bus topology is a type of network topology in which all the devices are connected to a single shared communication medium called a "bus." In this topology, all devices share the same communication channel, and data is transmitted in both directions between any two devices on the network. In a bus topology, a single cable, known as the "backbone," serves as the communication medium for all devices. Each device is connected to the backbone using a T-connector, which splits the signal and allows it to travel in both directions. The T-connector is connected to the device's network interface card (NIC), which enables communication between the device and the backbone. How Bus Topology Works? In a bus topology, all devices on the network are connected to a single communication channel called a "bus." The bus is a shared cable that carries data between all the devices connected to it. The backbone cable runs through all the devices on the network,

 Network Topology Network topology refers to the physical or logical layout of interconnected devices on a network. It describes how devices are connected to each other and how data is transmitted between them. Topology can be represented in a visual diagram, which shows the physical or logical arrangement of devices and connections. There are various types of network topologies, including bus, star, ring, mesh, and hybrid topologies. The choice of topology depends on factors such as the size of the network, the number of devices, the distance between them, and the desired level of redundancy and fault tolerance. Types of Network Toplogy: There are several types of network topology, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. The choice of topology depends on the specific needs of the network and the devices that are connected to it. In this response, we will cover some types of network topologies. Bus Topology: In a bus topology, all devices are connected to a single cable, known

 Peer to Peer Network Model A peer-to-peer (P2P) network model is a type of network architecture in which multiple computers (known as peers) are connected to each other without a central server or a hierarchy of clients and servers. In a peer-to-peer network, each computer has equal status and can both receive and send data directly to other computers. This means that every computer in the network can act as both a client and a server, and can share resources such as files, storage space, or processing power. Peer-to-peer networks are often used for file sharing, online gaming, and communication applications such as Skype or Zoom. They are generally more decentralized and resilient than traditional client-server networks, as they can continue to function even if some computers in the network go offline. Source | Pexels Types of Peer-to-Peer Network Model? Following are some types of peer-to-peer network model. Centralized P2P: In this type of P2P network, there is a central server or